Illegal Immigration Issues Free Essays

ESL Lesson Plan for Paired Conjunctions

ESL Lesson Plan for Paired Conjunctions Combined conjunctions are frequently utilized in both spoken and composed English to come to a meaningful conclusion, give a clarification, or talk about other options. Lamentably, in addition to the fact that they are hard to utilize, yet their structure is additionally rather exacting. Thus, this exercise is a straight forward, ​teacher-focused, sentence structure exercise concentrating on composed and oral creation of the objective structure. Point: Grammar center around the utilization of matched conjunctionsActivity: Teacher presentation followed by sentence finish, development and, at last, oral drill workLevel: Upper-middle Blueprint Present matched conjunctions by approaching understudies to give explanations behind some basic occasion. Take two of the proposals and develop target structure sentences utilizing combined conjunctions. For instance: Either John has remained at home or he has been held up in traffic.Explain the structure of the matched conjunctions: both...and; not only...but likewise; either...or; neither...norDistribute worksheets and request that understudies coordinate the sentence parts to coordinate the two sections to make total sentences.Ask understudies to finish the subsequent exercise by consolidating the plans to make one complete sentence utilizing one of the combined conjunctions.Focus on oral creation aptitudes by asking matched combination inquiries on the different educator sheet. Matched Conjunctions Match the sentence parts to make a total sentence. Sentence Half A: Both PeterNot just would we like to goEither Jack should work more hoursThat story wasStudents who do well not just examination hardIn the end, he needed to chooseSometimes it isI couldn't imagine anything better than to take Sentence Half B: in any case, we have enough money.neither genuine nor realistic.not just astute to tune in to your folks yet in addition interesting.and I are coming next week.either his vocation or his hobby.both my PC and my wireless on holiday.but likewise utilize their senses on the off chance that they don't have the foggiest idea about the answer.or we should recruit another person. Consolidate the accompanying sentences into one sentence utilizing matched conjunctions: both ... what's more, not just ... yet additionally; either ... or on the other hand; neither ... nor We could fly. We could pass via train.She should concentrate hard. She should focus to excel on the exam.Jack isn't here. Tom is in another city.The speaker won't affirm the story. The speaker won't deny the story.Pneumonia is a risky ailment. Little pox is a perilous illness.Fred cherishes voyaging. Jane needs to circumvent the world.It may rain tomorrow. It may snow tomorrow.Playing tennis is useful for your heart. Running is useful for your wellbeing. To the instructor: Read the accompanying out loud and have understudies utilize matched conjunctions to react. Model: You know Peter. Do you know Bill? Understudy: I know both Peter and Jack. You like tennis. Do you like golf?You dont know Jane. Do you know Jack?You are considering Math. Are you considering English?You need to take a shot at the end of the week. Do you have to work in the evening?You dont eat fish. Do you eat beef?I realize your nation has great colleges. Does England have great universities?He gathers cash. Does he gather stamps?They havent visited Rome. Have they visited Paris? Catch up with a combined combination test.

How to Measure and Optimize Brand Awareness

How to Measure and Optimize Brand Awareness Brand awareness â€" as the term suggests is all about creating ‘awareness’ of a brand to make sure that the consumers know that it exists, and its products and services are available for sale. It is very important in promoting products. In commodity-related product markets, brand awareness decides the amount of sales that a product will make. Therefore, highly recognized brands thrive competitively in the market.Creating brand awareness is just the next step after creating a strong brand, which is very important these days for businesses to stay on top of the market. Hence, brand awareness measures how famous a brand is within its target audience. © Shutterstock.com | My Life GraphicIn this article, we will explore brand awareness starting with 1) why you need to create brand awareness, and going then to describe 2) measuring brand awareness and 3) optimizing brand awareness.WHY DO YOU NEED TO CREATE BRAND AWARENESS?A strong brand is an essential element of your business behind its slogans and logo. Strong branding and brand awareness strategies are crucial to developing a long term standing in the market. Here are some reasons why brand awareness is important for a business:Brand Equity: Equity is a brand’s value beyond its physical assets such as equipment and buildings. Brand awareness is a key factor in developing brand equity. The more people know about your brand, the more they will associate with it, the higher your reputation will be and the greater your overall brand value will be.Social Impact: Businesses develop social impact through creating awareness about their brand in the market. This social impact helps peo ple to spread positive word of mouth about the brand and perceive the brand’s importance in their lives. In this way, the brand begins symbolizing their lifestyle choices, taste, or habits.Customer loyalty: In order for a business to sustain, it is important to retarget the converted consumers and enable them to come back and make purchases rather than targeting new clients, which can be very costly. Brand awareness plays a key role in enabling repeat sales or sustaining old clients through developing their loyalty towards your brand. For instance, if a business follows up on a client through satisfaction surveys, promotions and newsletters after the sale has been made, it will increase a customer’s loyalty towards the brand and result in increased future sales.Capturing lost leads: Brand awareness can capture lost leads. A consumer might drop the idea of purchasing a brand or might prefer the products and services of the competitors for any reason. Through retargeting, business es can reconnect with these kinds of lost leads and encourage them to make a purchase. The existing brand familiarity of the retargeted group can be leveraged along with an incentive such as discount, offers to make sales.Saves marketing costs: Brand awareness comprises of aided recall and unaided recall research. Aided recall research approaches the customers and asks them about their associations, awareness, and thoughts relating a particular brand whereas unaided recall research seeks to know the perceptions of the consumers regarding different brands of a particular product, such as Home Décor brands or Car brands.This data helps marketing departments to create strategies and to find whether they should invest in targeting new customers or work towards retaining their old clients. Therefore, it can greatly save marketing costs. Moreover, executives can use brand awareness metrics to report to stakeholders, shareholders, the board, or the CEO in order to plan growth and break in to new consumer markets.[cp_modal id=cp_id_75506] [/cp_modal]MEASURING BRAND AWARENESSBrand awareness is extremely difficult to measure. However, internet and technology has simplified numerous aspects of brand awareness measurement through online tools. Overall, a business should be aware of its brand’s engagement levels, impressions, and overall reach while measuring its brand awareness. Below is a list of metrics and tools to measure the brand awareness of your company.Apply Reach MetricsReach is defined as the number of people who found your business through an online source and went through your online content. Whereas impressions refer to the number of people who went through your brand advertisement through retargeting campaigns, social media ads or paid advertising. Engagement comprises of numerous factors such as crowd sourcing participation, participation in discussion forums or contests, comments, social media sharing, etc. Here are some forms of data that can help a business measure its brand awareness:Search keywordsI f an online user places a search using your brand name, then it is obvious that they are aware of your brand. Does your business track search keywords? You should start doing it so that you know how many people are aware of your brand.Social mentions and analyticsWorld Wide Web is loaded with online tools that help businesses to measure their social mentions and analytics. Social mentions provide you with information on how many times your business is being mentioned somewhere. For instance, if someone has written a blog about your product or has written a review, you will be notified about it.This helps businesses in keeping an eye on negative and positive social mentions. In the case of positive social mentions, businesses can evaluate the effectiveness of their marketing strategies. On the other hand, if something negative is written about your brand, you can effectively tackle the situation by taking measures to ensure that you do not lose any sales because of it.Moreover, busin esses can also track social sentiment of the online users to gain an insight on different demographics of your target audience and what they are saying about your brand. This will enable a business to know about the most satisfied demographics in the target audience and hence will help it to create stronger marketing strategies for groups that are probably not receiving the brand so well.Use Online ToolsThere are online tools available for each channel â€" whether you want to acquire these stats from social media websites such as LinkedIn, Facebook or Twitter or through search engines, you can easily find free and paid online tools. These tools will provide you with in-depth data on social mentions and analytics, which will help you in knowing who to target and which strategies to apply.Google AlertsThrough signing up on Google Alerts, you can make sure that you get notified every time Google indexes a page that contains some information about your brand. This will enable you to kee p an eye on your competitors while receiving all the relevant information.Visitor dataKeeping an eye on returning visitors and monitoring new visitors plays a significant role in measuring brand awareness. Google Analytics is a great way to acquire this data as it helps you to understand the trends your business has gone through over a period of time.PPC AnalyticsPPC Analytics is probably the easiest way to track online brand awareness. It provides you information of the number of people that clicked your ads. This can help a business in calculating the conversion rate as well as knowing how many people are being reached through paid ads.Collect feedbackReview sitesAll businesses must keep an eye on review sites such as CitySearch, reviews on Yahoo and Google, Angie’s List or Yelp. You will find out the number of people that have reviewed your product or service and what they have to say about you. You can use the positive reviews as company testimonials or in promotions and can a lso take measures to resolve any disputes with the ones who have written negatively about your brand.Conferences and trade showsIf your brand takes part in conferences or trade shows, make sure that you have a team, which can collect on-location data regarding your brand from people. The team can ask people whether they have heard about the new product line or collection by your brand or not. This will help you in figuring out where you stand and the measures you need to take to ensure the maximum brand awareness. This data can further help you in devising strategies.Primary researchQuestionnaires, surveys, and polls are a great way to collect information regarding brand awareness. Especially while devising important strategies, such kind of data can play an important role in saving marketing costs.You can ask your prospects or customers about the channel through which they found your brand or whether they are aware of your upcoming product line or not. However, majority of the time s, it is not easy to ensure that the user will attempt the poll, questionnaire, or survey. That is why businesses have to make sure that they design them affectively.Measuring User EngagementMeasuring user engagement on social media networking sites also provides businesses with a clear picture of where their brand stands in terms of awareness. Since social media plays a significant role in assessing the popularity of a brand, you can easily assess user engagement through seeing how active your Facebook or Twitter accounts are. Greater user engagement directly means higher brand awareness. Social media tools such as TweetDeck, Hootsuite, and Social Sprout enable businesses to manage their social media profiles and keep an eye on all the activity that is going on there.[slideshare id=35181021doc=11ideastogrowbrandawarenessslideshare-140527134519-phpapp02]OPTIMIZING BRAND AWARENESSEngagement campaigns should be run for optimizing brand awareness. Businesses should understand that opti mization requires great follow-up and repetition in order to be successful. Through optimizing brand awareness, a business can structure its campaigns on different social media and online channels analyze important data and create any required changes based on the results.Planning the structure of the engagement campaignBusinesses should start with planning the structure of their engagement campaign and the channel they want to utilize. For instance, if a business wants to make use of search engines and Facebook to run an engagement campaign, it should make sure that it clearly defines the objectives it has, such as:Gaining 100, 000 Facebook page likesAttracting 100 new users each day on the brand’s website2.5% conversion rateEvery business will have a different objective, and they need to be clarified in the beginning as it just makes the whole process very smooth. Moreover, target audience should be defined with their demographics such as:US Females 18-25US Males 35-45, etc.This will save the promotional expenditure and will only target the business prospects. Finally, the advert structure should be decided. How will your advert look like? What text will it contain? How will it gain the attention of users?Targeting ConsiderationsThe targeting considerations for engagement campaigns are flexible as businesses make use of a combination of interests, languages, demographics, Geographical data, mobile devices, or partner categories. All you have to do is to acquaint yourself with the categories that your preferred channel provides and select the ones that are closest to your business requirements.Relevance: Relevance is of key importance while targeting audience, as they should be relevant to the kind of content you are posting. If you are unsure of the users, you want to target, try to test different audience segments moderately and then shift budgets based on the results you derive.Fresh ads: Ads should be modified and kept fresh especially if you are testin g different audience groups. Create ads that are compelling to the type of people you are targeting for the best returns.Scalability: The number of target audience should correspond with your budget. For instance, if you are choosing to target only your fans within your city, it can lead to limiting your brand. Moreover, you also cannot target an entire country, as the advert will become irrelevant. As a rule of thumb, 1 million users should be targeted on a promotional budget of 5,000 USD for 5 days of desktop/mobile advertising.Placement ConsiderationsVarious channels will provide you different placement options i.e. where do you want your ads to show. Typically, following are some placement options that most channels provide:Mobile newsfeed: It is probably the most effective method of advertising as the adverts are displayed to mobile users of a given online channel.Desktop newsfeed: This is a good option for flexible and open targeting.Positioning: In Google, sponsored ads that show on the top of the page are more effective as compared to the ones placed on the right-hand-side. Moreover, Facebook also provides right-hand placement of ads, which are effective. However, different versions of the ad should be tested to make sure that it is working well.Bidding ConsiderationsBusiness objectives will decide bid types in engagement campaigns. Both Facebook and Google have different bid types. For instance, on Facebook if you want comments on a particular post, increase user engagement or increase the overall reach of the brand, you can opt for a bid type that charges per impression (CPM). Through this, you will be able to optimize a certain action from users that you are targeting. Similarly, if you are looking for Page Likes, offer claims, or link clicks, you can opt for CPA bid type, which will only charge you once the specified action is performed by the user. There is another bid type on Facebook by the name of CPC, which will charge you if the user interact s with your post.Google AdSense has different bid types to select from:CPC (Cost Per Click) â€" You will decide what you want to pay on receiving each click to your website. The price depends on what are you advertising.CPE (Cost Per Engagement) â€" You will only pay in this type of bidding if the user actively engages with your ad. Under CPE, if you have a lightbox ad (an ad that can be expanded into a larger size), then you will only pay once the user expands your ad and views it for two seconds.CPM (Cost Per 1000 Impressions) â€" You will set a fixed price on each 1000 ads served.Active View CPM â€" You will only pay for 1000 measurable and viewable impressions of your advert.Creating your campaigns and making changesCreate your ad and start A/B testing. This is an important step, as it will tell you which feature of your campaign will generate more conversions for your brands. The ultimate goal of brand awareness is to make sales and hence you must test different versions of you r advertisement to see which one works the best. This will also make sure that you are effectively making use of your advertising budget. You will have to choose demographics such as interests, location, and age to conduct successful testing. Use the testing data to make important changes to your ad for better brand awareness.Follow-upAn active follow-up is crucial in the success of a promotional campaign. If you are facing under-paced delivery, try to expand the size of your target audience or opt for another bid type to make sure that the market-reach increases. You can also increase your bids to make sure that you stay competitive. Similarly, if you find that CPE bids are too high, you should sit back and cut down on the budget of high CPEs. This mostly occurs when too many advertisers are fighting for the same kind of users in a small market. You can also choose to cut down the duration of your adverts.

What Is White Noise

In the simplest of terms, white noise is sound that can be used to cover up background sounds. Because of its ability to drown out potentially distracting sounds, white noise is often recommended as a sleep and study aid. For example, people who find it hard to fall asleep without a fan running in the bedroom may not be responding to the fan’s cooling breeze, but to its soothing sound. However, while it has been found effective in helping people sleep and learn in some cases, white noise can have some negative effects, especially when used with newborns. Key Takeaways: White Noise White noise is the combination of all approximately 20,000 sound frequencies people are capable of hearing, ranging from about 20 to about 20,000 Hz.Most people describe white noise as a hissing sound, like the sound of the letters â€Å"sh† in the word â€Å"hush.†White noise has been found effective in helping people fall asleep, as well as study and learn. White Noise Definition Science defines white noise as the combination all of the audible sound frequencies. Research has shown that people with normal hearing can hear sound frequencies ranging from 20 to 20,000 Hz. In other words, white noise can be thought of being like the sound of about 20,000 different tones all playing at once. The actual sound of white noise is typically described as hissing sound, similar to the sound of the letters â€Å"sh† in the word â€Å"hush.† The adjective â€Å"white† was chosen to describe this ultimate combination of sounds because of the similarity of white noise to the qualities of white light, the scientific description of the combination of all colors of the visible light spectrum. As a combination of all audible frequencies, white noise can be used mask other potentially distracting sounds. For example, turning on a fan might help drown out the voices from a next-door neighbor’s loud party. In this sense, the droning sound of the fan is similar to white noise. But how does white noise mask other noises? In normal conversation, for example, people can usually pick out and understand individual voices when groups of three or four people are all speaking at the same time. However, when large groups of people are talking simultaneously, the likelihood of being able to hear any single voice is greatly reduced. In this nature, the sound of say 1,000 people talking at once is similar to white noise. White Noise for Studying Since most people who are distracted find it hard to focus, teachers urge students to study in quiet rooms. But because they find studying boring, some people say that sounds like music or television actually help them concentrate. However, since such easily-distinguished sound can become distracting, some educators and psychologists suggest white noise as an alternative study aid.   While the use of white noise as a sleep aid has been around since the early 1960s, the theory that it might also help people learn is relatively new. Research conducted in 2014 at the University of Hamburg-Eppendorf Medical Center and published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, found a positive link between white noise and people learning mathematics, and the short-term memory of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Other research, however, indicates that the effects of background noise on learners can depend on their individual personalities. For example, a 2010 study done at University College in London found that both white noise-like sounds and music actually impaired the comprehension, memory and learning ability of introverts. In other words, the effectiveness of white noise or other background sounds as a study aid remains a case of personal experience rather than well-established scientific research. White Noise for Sleep While it may seem illogical, the idea that noise can help people fall asleep is well established. Devices that produce white noise have been popular sleep aids for years. Many people find it hard, if not impossible, to get to sleep without their white noise machine. To them, total silence is a distraction. Since years of extensive research have shown that chronic sleeplessness can cause brain damage, doctors often recommend white noise devices for treating sleep deprivation.  In addition, white noise is sometimes used as an alternative therapy in treating tinnitus, a constant ringing in the ear that can disrupt sleep. But how does white noise help people get to sleep? Beneficial to our own survival, our sense of hearing still works while we are asleep. Science suggests that rather than the background noise itself, it is sudden changes in background noise that jars us from sleep. By creating a sound masking effect, white noise blocks sudden changes in sound helping people fall asleep and light sleepers remain asleep. In what has become the â€Å"sleep industry,† the term â€Å"white noise† is used as a generic description for any background noise that is constant and unchanging. Other relaxing or comforting sounds available on today’s so-called â€Å"sleep machines† include soothing sounds from nature, like gentle rain, ocean surf, distant thunder, and crickets chirping. Many people find these sounds to be more effective as sleep aids than the â€Å"sh† sound of pure white noise. White Noise and Helping Babies Sleep White noise is often recommended as helpful in getting babies to fall asleep and establish regular sleep patterns. A groundbreaking study conducted in 1990 at the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland found that 32 of 40 newborns studied (80%) were able to fall asleep after just five minutes of listening to white noise. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics warns that there can be pros and cons of using white noise machines with infants. The Pros of White Noise for Babies Some babies do fall asleep faster with white noise in the background.White noise can help drown out household noises common during nap times.Some white noise machines comfort and relax newborns by producing a sound mimicking their mother’s heartbeat. The Cons of White Noise for Babies White noise machines do not help all babies fall asleep and may even prevent some from sleeping.The maximum volume settings for white noise machines may exceed recommended noise limits for babies.Newborns can become â€Å"addicted† to white noise, becoming unable to sleep without it. While they may be tempted to try anything to get baby to sleep, parents should talk to their pediatrician before resorting to white noise machines. What About Television and Sleep? Either accidentally or on purpose, many people fall asleep while watching television. Some people even use a TV as a type of white noise machine to help them get to sleep. However, research has shown that TV-sleep is not always healthy sleep. Many test subjects who had spent a full seven to nine hours sleeping with a TV on in the room reported still feeling drowsy or not fully rested in the morning. Unlike white noise, the volume and tone of the TV change constantly, and since the sense of hearing continues to function during sleep, these changes can disturb sleep. Some people even wake up if the TV is turned off. In addition, the constantly changing colors and brightness of the TV picture can interfere with sleep. Essentially, researchers say that while they are rarely consciously aware of it, parts of peoples’ brains continue to â€Å"watch† the TV even while they sleep. For a healthy, restful night’s sleep, health care experts recommend that both the sound and lighting levels in the room remain consistent throughout the sleep period. Sources and Further Reference Sensitivity of Human Ear. Hyper Physics.Rausch, Vanessa H., Bauch, Eva M. (2014). White Noise Improves Learning by Modulating Activity in Dopaminergic Midbrain Regions and Right Superior Temporal Sulcus. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.Furnham, Adrian Strbac, Lisa. (2010) Music is as distracting as noise: The differential distraction of background music and noise on the cognitive test performance of introverts and extraverts. University College, London. Horowitz, Seth. (2012) The Universal Sense: How Hearing Shapes the Mind. Bloombsbury USA. ISBN-10: 1608198839.Spencer, J.A., Moran, D.J., Lee A, and Talbert, D. (1990) White noise and sleep induction. Royal College of Physicians of Ireland. Archives of Disease in Childhood.Can Infant Sleep Machines Be Hazardous to Babies Ears? (2014). American Academy or Pediatrics.Cespedes, Elizabeth M., SM. (2014). Television Viewing, Bedroom Television, and Sleep Duration from Infancy to Mid-Childhood. Pediatrics.A good nights sleep. Kaiser Perm anente.

The Delhi Metro Project Management - 1238 Words

. The Delhi metro project is an exemplary tale of the way a project of that magnitude was handled. It’s the best project management carried out for a Govt. sector project, in India, which was completed in time and within the budget. The first step in the project management of any project is to constitute a project team. And DMRC did it exactly the way it was required. THE TEAM (During phase 1and Phase2) Chairman- Ramachandran 1. Managing Director – Dr. E. Sreedharan 2. Total No. of Directors - 16 3. Nominee of Govt. of India - 5 4. Nominee of Govt. of NCTD - 5 (Including MD) 5. No. of full-time functional Directors including MD – 7 DMRC appointed Sreedharan as the project manager and the Managing Director of the Delhi metro project in November 1997. Sreedharan was a Technocrat, who had earned a reputation, during his long stint at Indian Railways, for completing major projects within the given time and budget. Delhi metro was just a feather added to his cap, but the biggest one. Earlier Sreedharan had successfully completed many huge projects like repair of Pamban Bridge, konkan Railway etc. The hiring process was slow initially as DMRC was able to recruit only 100 people; around 70% of the staff in DMRC was on deputation from the Indian Railways. DMRC had given Sreedharan complete freedom to select the project team. Sreedharan selected a motivated team of professionals whom he regarded as fundamental to the success of the project. Most of the chosen staff were between 18Show MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Population Of Noida1413 Words   |  6 Pages POPULATION OF NOIDA: RIDERSHIP AT VARIOUS METRO STATIONS THE PIE CHART IS REPRESENTING THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS USING THE PARTICULAR METRO STATION PER DAY Ridership of different metro Stations per month SECTOR 18 – 22974 BOTANICAL GARDEN - 22000-25000 (Approx.) NOIDA CITY CENTER - 25000 (Approx.) 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It refers to the structures required to support the society such as transportation, agriculture, water management, telecommunications, industrial and commercial development, power, petroleum and natural gas, housing and other segments such as mining, disaster management services, and technology related infrastructure. Infrastructure is the basic structure for any country’s development like without highway, we cannot transport. TransportationRead MoreUlb Case Study795 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopment Bank) have been playing an important role in funding as well as structuring key reform-driven urban development programmes. Private sector participation has also emerged as a source of funding in the urban sector through various forms of project structuring and Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) agreements. A detailed analysis of municipal finance reveals that share of both tax revenue and non-tax revenue in total municipal revenue has declined across cities while that of grants have increased

System Migration Plan Free Essays

System Migration Implementation Phase I Oracle Environment On December 16, 2006 the migration of the production database will take place. It has been deemed necessary to move our Oracle production database to a more robust server for future growth. At this time the database resides on a p650 unit that will be utilized in phase two of this migration. We will write a custom essay sample on System Migration Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Below find the laid out plan as it pertains to the move. December 16, 2006:There will be a complete backup of the existing server. December 17, 2006:Starting early that morning, the backup of the existing server will be restored on to the new server emulating the current environment. While the restore of the new server is taking place, the existing server will be set up for the actual move of the existing Oracle database. Step. 1: The mounted file system will be un-mounted from the operating system, at that point after recording all the necessary paths. Step. 2: The volume group that the file systems reside in will be varied off, and then exported. After this step the database which resides on the EMC Symmetric will no longer exist on the present database server. Step. 3: The server will be totally taken down and power will be totally extinguished. Step. : The remove of the fibber channel card that leads back to the EMC database location. The data on the EMC/database will go unchanged or accessed at this point. Step. 5: The fibber channel card will then be placed in the new server. Step. 6: The new server will then be powered on with the fibber channel card from the now existing server, and then the database will be imported to that server. Step. 7: At this point all the network and fibber connections will be moved to the new sever from the existing one using the same IP/Hostname to eliminate further configuration changes or delays. Step. : A DBA will be contacted to confirm the migration success, and then the server will be taken down for the data center outage. System Upgrade Recommendation Phase II Oracle Environment As a result of an evaluation of performance and future growth of the present Oracle environments, it was proposed and recommended that the production database server be upgraded with additional processors and memory. As phase one, on January 29th 2006 each Oracle environment received the recommended upgrade as described in the briefing dated January 3, 2006 and title: Hardware Upgrade for Oracle Financials in Preparation for OAB and iSupplier Modules. The Oracle environment received the recommended memory and has proved to perform as projected. The production application server now utilizes 16GB of memory, and the database server has a total of 32GB. In a continued effort to move toward phase two, the following information has been composed and now submitted for evaluation. It is the opinion of the system administrator, utilizing performance tools that the existing system degradation only appears during multiple thread requests. In short, thread request are granted buy and throw system processors within any given computer environment. To wit, it has been ascertained that during a normal business run the system reflects system degradation at any point of a new presented workload introduction. System memory and IO performance proves to be stable while the now utilized processors show to be at their maximum thread capacity. In today’s environment the production database unit consists of four processors; with the recommendation to increase this number buy four additional processors facilitating a total of eight. This is projected to improve Dallas County production presently as well as future growth performance. See projected cost on page two. Model Highlights 7038-6M2 The Model 6M2 delivers a cost-efficient growth path to the future with: †¢ 64-bit system scalability in 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-way configurations with the following processor options: o 2-way 1. 2 GHz POWER4+ with 8 MB shared L3 cache per processor card o 2-way 1. 45 GHz POWER4+ with 32 MB shared L3 cache per processor card †¢ Expandability and reliability: System memory expandable from 2 GB to 64 GB o Rack-mounted drawer utilizes 8U (EIA Units) o Supports up to eight 7311-D10 or 7311-D20 I/O drawers per server o Each I/O drawer supports either 6 (for D10) or 7 (for D20) hot-plug PCI bus slots To upgrade to an 8 way system IBM has given a cost of $25,750. 00 2-way 1. 45 GHz POWER4+ with 32 MB shared L3 cache per processor card. The above quote is without any government discount or third party intervention. However, a thir d party vender’s quotes $9590. Mr. UNIX Sr. UNIX System Administrator How to cite System Migration Plan, Essay examples

On The Road Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s, North Beach

On The Road Jack Kerouac: On the Road Jack Kerouac is the first to explore the world of the wandering hoboes in his novel, On the Road. He created a world that shows the lives and motivations of this culture he himself named the ?Beats.? Kerouac saw the beats as people who rebel against everything accepted to gain freedom and expression. Although he has been highly criticized for his lack of writing skills, he made a novel that is both realistic and enjoyable to read. He has a complete disregard for developed of plot or characters, yet his descriptions are incredible. Kerouac's novel On the Road defined the post World War II generation known as the ?beats.? The motivation behind the beat movement was their thirst for freedom. They desired freedom from almost everything we take for granted today. ?Central to the beat writers, though little noticed, is the desperate flight from the lower middle class life and its culture of anxiety? (?Jack Kerouac.? Contemporary Literary Criticism, Vol. 14, 305). The beats also had trouble dealing with the social aspects of living. ?In both On The Road and The Dharma Bums this fugue, or flight, is portrayed on the realistic level as an attempt to escape from an intolerable personal or social situation? (Freied 253). They couldn't deal with the values and expectations of society. ?These men and women reject existing social values largely through misunderstanding them; in the social sense, they are infantile, perversely negative or indifferent? (Baro 281). Sometimes it was theirselves they needed to escape from. Freied states, ?Kerouac's hoboes are seeking escape- escape not only from the threats of a hosti le society, but escape from their own inadequate personalities and unsatisfactory human relationships? (295). What most of the need for escape amounts to is an outlet from life. ?Their much touted ideal of freedom is in reality a freedom from life itself, especially from rational, adult life with its welter of consequences and obligations? (Vopat 304). Vopat also says, ?Kerouac's characters take to the road not to find life, but to leave it all behind: emotion, maturity, change, decision, purpose, and, especially, in the best American tradition responsibility? (303). They feel any kind of knowledge will be a restraint. ?They avoid anything- self-analysis, self awareness, thinking- that would threaten or challenge them, for with revelation comes responsibility for change, and above all they do not want change? (Vopat 303). Another more universal fear that they felt the need to escape was the red scare. ?In ?the great McCarthy hysteria,' flight is the only means of expressing their di ssent? (Feied 293). They also do not want the commitment of a real relationship with the opposite sex. ?Free love is rather freedom from love and another route down that same dark death wish? (Vopat 303). They feel if they can escape these bindings of life than will achieve a better way of living. ?Inwardly, these excesses are made to serve a spiritual purpose of an affirmation still unfocused, still to be defined, unsystematic? (Millstein 279). They want to just experience the joys of life to the fullest without worrying about any responsibilities. ?They seek to make good their escape in moment to moment living, digging everything, pursuing kicks with a kind of desperate energy that passes for enthusiasm? (Feied 295). ?They want for everyday experiences something that will give them an exalted, intensified sense of life- that will make them ?live,' that will make life ?real'; they want to transcend, not their actual limitations, but their sense of limitation? (Baro 281). The beats were looking for an easy way out of dealing with the pressures of having a real life. To gain freedom from the restraints of life they rebelled against everything that seemed normal to regular citizens of society. ?Kerouac's novels are more readily summarized than Ginsberg's poetry or the Beat's innovations in lifestyles, but all three manifest a rebellion against the establishment- the goals and habits of middle class America? (Neil 306). Most see this as a combination of ignorance and stupidity. ?These young ?haters of everything' can seem nothing more than spoiled brats, rejecting a civilization they have not bothered to understand and done nothing to deserve, wrecking lives

Free Essays on NYC Composite Index

In 1966, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) established the NYSE Composite Index to provide a comprehensive measure of the market trend for the benefit of many investors who are concerned with general stock market price movements. The indexes consist of a Composite Index of all common stocks listed on the NYSE and four subgroup indexes Industrial, Transportation, Utility, and Finance. The indexes are basically a measure of the changes in cumulative market value of NYSE common stocks, adjusted to eliminate the effects of capitalization changes, new listings and delistings. The market value of each stock is obtained by multiplying its price per share by the number of shares listed. The aggregate market value, which is the sum of the individual market values, is then expressed relative to a base point market value. The base value was set at 50.00 on December 31, 1965 because this figure was reasonably close to the actual average price of all common stocks at that time. Every measure of changes in stock prices - index or average - must frequently be adjusted to reflect only movements resulting from auction market activity and eliminate the influence of corporate actions. Any change in the capitalization of an individual issue or of all issues in aggregate is dealt with in this index by making a proportionate change in the market value of the base figure.... Free Essays on NYC Composite Index Free Essays on NYC Composite Index In 1966, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) established the NYSE Composite Index to provide a comprehensive measure of the market trend for the benefit of many investors who are concerned with general stock market price movements. The indexes consist of a Composite Index of all common stocks listed on the NYSE and four subgroup indexes Industrial, Transportation, Utility, and Finance. The indexes are basically a measure of the changes in cumulative market value of NYSE common stocks, adjusted to eliminate the effects of capitalization changes, new listings and delistings. The market value of each stock is obtained by multiplying its price per share by the number of shares listed. The aggregate market value, which is the sum of the individual market values, is then expressed relative to a base point market value. The base value was set at 50.00 on December 31, 1965 because this figure was reasonably close to the actual average price of all common stocks at that time. Every measure of changes in stock prices - index or average - must frequently be adjusted to reflect only movements resulting from auction market activity and eliminate the influence of corporate actions. Any change in the capitalization of an individual issue or of all issues in aggregate is dealt with in this index by making a proportionate change in the market value of the base figure....

What College Should You Go To How to Choose a College

What College Should You Go To How to Choose a College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As a high school student, you might be overwhelmed and scared by the college search process. You're probably asking yourself, "What college should I go to? What college is right for me?" It’s not easy to choose a college that’s right for you, especially when you have over 2,000 options in the US alone! To find a school that will truly make you happy, you have to be honest with yourself about what components will make up the most fulfilling college experience based on your interests and personality. This article will give you the tools you need to choose a college that’s the right fit for your goals. Self Reflection Before you do anything else, sit down and ask yourself the hard questions.Think about who you are and what you want to get out of college.This is admittedly tough to do - if you’re anything like me in high school, you’re still feeling pretty unsure about your future plans.When I say to think about â€Å"who you are†, I mean that you need to evaluate the interests and personality traits that most strongly affect your daily life and consider how they will impact your college experience.If you’re very introverted, for example, you may feel uncomfortable at a big party school or in a city environment.If you’re a super picky eater, you should look for colleges that have a flexible meal plan and a wide variety of food options. As for what you want to get out of college, this can be more complicated, but it boils down to thinking about your academic interests and any other activities you plan on continuing in college.If you have a field of study in mind, then you should go somewhere that has strong academic offerings in that area.You may be surprised at which schools have great programs. Just because you haven’t heard of a school doesn’t mean it’s not an awesome fit for you! If you have some idea of your interests but haven't settled on a major, look for schools that will give you the opportunity to explore your interests further within the context of a well-rounded curriculum. Try not to lock yourself into any one field of study yet. To give a personal anecdote, when I went to Dartmouth I started out as a Government major, then switched to a History major, then decided to be a History and Studio Art double major, and finally ended up dropping History altogether and becoming a Studio Art major with a Digital Arts minor.I never would have expeted myself to end up as an art major when I was in high school, but I'm very thankful that I went to a college where that was a viable option. Here Are Some More Questions to Ask about Your Academic Preferences: What are your greatest academic strengths and weaknesses? Do you prefer learning in a small discussion group or in a large lecture class environment? What was your favorite class in high school? How do you do with academic struggles and pressure? Do you take a lot of advanced classes? What’s your GPA and how does it compare to other students at your school? Do you have any learning disabilities or concerns that might impact your academics? Answering these questions will help you determine the type of academic environment that will suit you best in college.Based on your answers, you can look at the class sizes at schools that interest you to see if you’ll end up in mostly large or small classes.Your answers will also help you focus on a realistic range of colleges based on your GPA and ability to handle academic stress.Again, check to see if schools have academic offerings that align with what interested you most in high school even if you're not sure that you'll pursue that interest as a major. You want to be able to take classes that you feel are worthwhile experiences even if they aren't a part of your ultimate academic concentration. Academics may be the main point of college, but the majority of your time won't be spent in classes. There are many other factors that will impact your comfort and happiness while at school. Here Some Non-Academic Questions to Ask about What You Want Out of Your College Experience: Are you kind of a hermit or do you plan to party it up? Introvert or extrovert? Do you like quiet, natural settings or an exciting city life with tons of stuff to do (or something in between)? Are you ready to be far from home? What values are most important to you? What are your political leanings? Is cost a factor that you need to take into account? What are your favorite activities, and which ones do you want to continue pursuing in college? Are sports important to you? What are you proud of about yourself, and what makes you unique? Based on your answers to these questions, you can create more focused search criteria. If you know you want to be close to home, for example, just look at schools in your state.If you have a unique passion or talent, find schools that have organizations to help nourish that talent. It's important to have access to creative outlets and a pleasant living environment that lends itself to learning and having fun at the same time. The academic offerings at a school may be excellent, but that doesn't mean you should go there without considering how you'll feel about the social scene or the surrounding area. The most important question to ask yourself is"What makes me happiest?"Even if you feel like you â€Å"have† to go to a certain school or your parents are pushing you in a particular direction, try to focus on what YOU really want.If prestige is a priority for you, that’s fine, but make sure it’s actually valuable to you and not just to your parents or others who might influence you. College is four years of your life, and that’s not something to take lightly.You’re the one who will be having this experience - not your parents, not your friends, and not your teachers.In the next section of this guide, I’ll go into more detail about the main qualities to consider inyour college search. Who am I? (Please tell me you've all seen Zoolander. Please tell me I'm still relevant.) Narrowing it Down: First Steps There are a few basic distinctions between schools that will help you narrow down your college choices based on your answers to the self-reflection questions above. Public or Private? You might apply to a mixture of public and private colleges, but it’s important to know the differences between the two.Costs are usually lower for public universities if you’re an in-state student, but some private schools do offer generous financial aid.You can expect larger enrollment at public schools and a wider array of academic programs, as well as more diversity of student body. Public schools tend to have bigger party scenes and often bigger class sizes with more classes taught by TAs. Private schools may provide a more close-knit student community and more leadership opportunities due to smaller class sizes. Urban or Rural? This is a key factor in narrowing down your choices.Think about what type of environment is best for you and how it compares to the school's surrounding community.Is it a safe area? How isolated is it?If you enjoy being in nature and want to attend a school with a really defined campus, you should look into schools with more rural settings.If you’re mainly concerned with having places to go out and being able to do a wide variety of activities, you should look at more urban schools. There are also many schools that are a mixture of the two environments and may have a defined campus but also easy access to a nearby city. Rural schools provide a community that's far more insular and differentiated from the rest of the area than urban schools where the student population and city population mix freely. Large or Small? This factor is partially related to the private versus public question, but some private schools are very small while others are the same size as large public schools.If you think you’ll feel more comfortable in a small, close-knit community where there are more opportunities for you to hold leadership positions and make direct changes, then you should look at smaller schools first.If you prefer a place where you can be semi-anonymous and have consistent opportunities to meet new and diverse people, then you should look into larger schools. Keep in mind that schools with more students tend to have bigger party scenes and larger class sizes. Close to Home or Far Away? Some people can’t wait to get away from their families, and some are reluctant to leave.You should decide which type of student you are so that you don’t choose a school that’s too close or too far away and regret it. Being a new college student can be isolating and scary initially, especially if you're shy. You may want to be able to come home from time to time and see some familiar faces. To use another personal example, when I applied to college, I ended up deciding between Dartmouth (in New Hampshire) and Pomona (in California) as my final choices.I picked Dartmouth because I knew it would be too hard for me to be across the country from my friends and family in Massachusetts (even though Pomona would have had perfect weather, and you can go to the beach and go skiing in the same day there...oh God what have I done). In all seriousness though, I know this was the right choice for me because I wasn't ready to be totally on my own yet. If you don’t deal very well with change and you want to be able to visit home more than a couple of times a year, you should look into schools that are closer to your hometown. Wanting your parents to do your laundry is not a valid reason for going to college close to home. Plus, based on this picture I think the portal to Narnia relocated to a laundromat dryer, so that's something to look forward to. Narrowing it Down Part II: Going Deeper Now that you have a vague idea of which type of school you’d like to attend, you can examine other factors that might impact your decision on whether or not to apply.I’ll go over how to find this information in the next section on researching colleges. For now you can just start brainstorming which of these factors are are most important to you. Write down your thoughts so you can use them to guide your search later. Academic Environment What is the attitude towards academics, and will it match up with your personality?This is mostly just a matter of looking at how selective the school is and what types of students attend.What are the GPA and standardized testing stats for students who were accepted? Based on this, do you have a shot at admission? This is also where you might consult student reviews about the quality of classes and teaching.Is there a focus on undergraduates? In some cases, classes are taught by TAs rather than professors (this often happens at large research universities).If getting individual attention and having a strong relationship with your professors is important to you, you might consider a college where professors are more focused on teaching. What about facilities such as libraries, computer labs, and art studios? Make sure you’ll have all the resources you need to pursue your interests. You can find out more about these types of resources on school websites or through one of the sources I'll discuss in the next section. Program Strengths If you know of a specific program that you’re interested in, look for schools that have strong offerings in that area. As I mentioned before, most colleges have websites for each academic department, so you can consult these in your search. You will also be able to sort schools by major offerings in many online databases. If you're still undecided, you don't have to target your search toward specific programs. Instead, try to seek out schools that offer many different majors or provide a holistic liberal arts education so that you can explore various subjects more thoroughly before making a final decision. Social Life What’s the social scene like at the school?You might not want to go to a college that’s dominated by frat parties or one that’s all studying all the time.To find out what schools are like in this respect, you can look at student reviews on the social life and party scene. These factors are rated in most college databases. Some good places to start for information on social life are Zinch and Unigo, which give grades and ratings for campus life based on student reviews. Cappex, which is my top recommendation for a college search site, also has a ton of student reviews on topics like greek life and overall student happiness. Food I’m not gonna lie, this was one of my most important criteria for choosing a college.If you have dietary restrictions or preferences, make sure there will be enough options. I visited some colleges that my high school friends attended where I would have had to survive on cheese pizza and iceberg lettuce as a vegetarian (and I am NOT a picky eater). You have to meet your basic survival needs before you can learn properly, so check out student reviews about campus dining to see whether the meal plan sounds good. Athletics Do you plan on playing sports? Are there opportunities to play intramural or club sports if you’re not on a varsity team?Check out the gyms and athletic facilities for different schools. Most will have separate websites devoted to these facilities and athletics in general. There should be lists of club and intramural sports as well as details about the resources offered by athletic facilities. You can also look at reviews on student life to see if people seem to be enthusiastic about sports and fitness overall. Look for a place where there's a community of people who share your interests. Maybe there are informal clubs that are sports-oriented but are more for fun than for competition. Check out lists of student organizations and see what comes up! Extracurriculars If there are extracurricular activities that you’re currently invested in, make sure you’ll be able to continue them in college.You should also check if there are any extracurricular opportunities that sound cool to you that you haven’t tried before. Most schools will have listings of their student clubs and organizations online, so if you think you're interested in a college, you should check out the offerings. Study Abroad Most schools have study abroad programs now, but you might find that there’s a specific programthat appeals to you more than others.If there’s a place you want to go and you know a school has a well-reviewed program that travels there, you might consider this as a factor in your choice. School websites usually have a section that's devoted to their study abroad programs, since this can be a big selling point for students.Exciting opportunities to experience the world abroad could impact your decision about including a school in your list. Diversity Do you want to meet people from diverse backgrounds who have a variety of different life experiences?This usually goes hand in hand with attending a larger school, but sometimes smaller schools are surprisingly diverse. Most college information sites will give statistics about student ethnicity and percentages of international students. Another factor to consider here is the male/female ratio of a school (if you're even planning on attending a co-ed school). Some schools have very skewed ratios, although many are evenly balanced. This is another statistic you will find on almost every college information page on the internet. Cost Don’t rule out any schools because of cost yet, but this is definitely something to consider.Look for colleges that have strong merit-based aid programs and/or guarantee that they will meet all financial need, and consult statistics on financial aid. These stats might not mean that much for you individually, but many schools have financial aid calculators available online that can help you understand what to expect. Check out scholarships to supplement your financial aid using Fastweb, a site where you can get matched up with the best scholarships for your situation. Other Is there something else that’s important to you that I didn’t list? That’s great!If there's a special quality that you value but isn't related to any of the categories above, it’s still a valid reason for either eliminating a school or considering it as one of your choices. Juggling club: The ultimate passport to social acceptance in college College Research Tips How can you weed through all of this information to find schools that fit your priorities? There are tons of resources out there, so you might not know where to start.Rankings aren’t always the most reliable because they usually just list off name brand schools that don't always make sense for your criteria. The best way to narrow down your search is to go online and use a college matching service.There are some great resources for students that will conduct very specific searches to help you find your ideal college matches.My top recommendation is Cappex. Cappex has pretty much every feature you can imagine to help you sort through the huge piles of statistics and arrive at logical conclusions about which schools will be your best bets.You should fill out a free profile, which will ask you basic questions about your preferences based on most of the major factors I listed earlier.Try to be as thorough as possible so you get the best matches! Cappex will suggest schools based on your preferences, and on each school’s page you can look at â€Å"Your Fit†. This is a meter (pictured below) that gives you a percent match based on how well the school’s offerings align with what you’re looking for: The site will point to schools that line up with your basic criteria, and you can look more closely at their detailed info pages to see if they have other qualities that interest you. Check out student reviews to see what people really think of the school, or look at one of the other categories on the side bar to get a better idea of the surrounding community, admissions requirements, and academic offerings. When you find schools that you like, you can add them to your college list, a feature attached to your profile that allows you to save schools that strike your fancy. The site also allows you to compare schools on your list against each other by putting their stats side by side.This makes it easier to choose between two similar schools.Cappex takes you straight through to the application process by providing a link to the application page for each school on your list and telling you which ones accept the common application.You can even check your chances of admission to each school to see whether it’s a reach, a possible, a probable, or a solid bet for you. This will be important in balancing out your list of schools later. Other sites that you may consult for more easily digestible student reviews and grades on different aspects of student life are Zinch, Niche, and Unigo. Cappex is the best place to make a list of schools, but remember that if you don't find the information you're looking for in the school profile, you can look elsewhere (on the school's main website or at other college search sites). You may consider purchasing a college guidebook if you want to supplement your online search, although at this point guidebooks probably aren't necessary considering the amount information that’s available online.If you’re still interested in getting one, the two main guidebooks I would recommend are theCollege Board’s College Handbook andthe Fiske Guide to Colleges.The College Board's College Handbook has all the stats for colleges, so it’s more of an objective look at the facts about each school. The Fiske Guide to Colleges gives you a more subjective look at colleges. It uses student responses about their experiences to write an essay about each college that touches on all its main qualities.This can be a lot more fun to read and easier to digest than a book of statistics, but there is also inevitably a lot of bias in student testimony.It will still give you some good facts, though, and you’ll have a more holistic look at the personality of each college. If you have the opportunity,take advantage of events at your school or in your area such as college fairs or college representative visits to find out more about colleges.Keep in mind that this is more useful after you’ve already pinpointed some top choices.These events may not give you all the information that you’re looking for, and students often walk away with a bias that’s based on whether you liked the person you talked to rather than whether the school is actually right for you. Overall, be wary of rankings and blanket statements about schools. Your college search is all about what's important to you, so don’t prioritize things that are only important to someone else! They may seem warm and fuzzy, but blankets will only fill your head with LIES. Making Your College List When you decide on your final list of colleges, you should be considering schools that exist across a fairly wide range of selectivity and cost. Think about priorities versus preference. You might have a preference for one quality in a school, but it won't make or break the experience.What are the MOST IMPORTANT qualities that need to be present for you to get the most out of college?Make a list of your top 5-10 requirements for a college based on the qualities listed in the sections above and your self assessment. Factors to Consider: Public or private Setting (urban or rural) Size Location (close to home or far away) Academic climate Academic programs Quality of social life Athletics Extracurricular opportunities Study abroad Diversity of student body Cost/financial aid generosity Any other stuff that is important to you! Using Cappex or another research tool of your choice and your own list of priorities, make a list of fifteen or so schools that you believe are good fits for you.Again, in this process, start with the big priorities. You can sort schools by location and major availability on Cappex, and for any school that’s suggested to you you’ll get a small panel of statistics that indicates the cost, location, and size of the school. Once a school fits the basic criteria, you can start looking at the other factors I mentioned based on statistics in the school’s full profile.There may be many schools that have the right location, major options, and price range, but they all have subtle differences.If you make a large list of schools at first and are having a hard time differentiating between them, try the tool that allows you to compare school statistics side by side so you can see if there are any discrepancies you may have missed. Looking at the student reviews can also be helpful in sorting out which school sounds like a better fit for you.Even if two schools look similar on paper, they may be different in that one has a stronger sense of community or students are overall more engaged in learning. These are things you’ll only learn from the students themselves. Now it’s time to balance your list so that you have a nice range of schools, whichmeans evaluating admissions statistics in relation to your qualifications. Schools Fall into Four Different Categories: 1. Reach:You would really really like to go to this school, but your chances of being accepted are small. 2. Possible:Your chances of being rejected are higher than being accepted, but the school does accept some students with your credentials. 3. Probable:Your chances of being accepted are higher than your chances of being rejected. 4. Solid:You will almost certainly get in. The school rarely rejects students with your credentials. Include at least one solid school, one probable or possible school, and one reach school in your final list. Note thatIvy Leagues and other schools with admissions rates of less than 15% are reaches for all students, even those with a 4.0 and perfect test scores. To figure out your chances of acceptance manually, look up the SAT/ACT score and GPA ranges for the schools on your list. Most schools provide a range for the middle 50% of SAT/ACT scores for accepted applicants. If you scored significantly higher than the high point of that range, then that school can be considered probable or solid. The same applies to GPA statistics. If your GPA is in the top reported range for the latest class at the college, you’re likely to be accepted.Cappex also will give you your chances of admission at each school if you fill out a profile with your scores and GPA, so you don't necessarily have do all of this legwork yourself. If cost is a significant factor for you, don’t rule out any schools based on them being â€Å"too expensive† yet.Start researching which schools offer the best financial aid packages.Often, college websites include financial aid calculators and provide details about their merit-based aid and grant programs. For research on cost, including financial aid, scholarships, and loans, I would recommend creating a profile on Fastweb.It provides an easy way to search for scholarships that match your needs and includes a search feature for loans as well as a guide to figuring out your financial aid. It's the best place to go for college monetary concerns. By this time, you'll have a list of schools that align with your needs and goals, and you can start planning college visits and putting together the different components of your application! Amherst College...what are they REALLY hiding behind all those trees? You'll have to visit to find out. Summary The most first thing you should do when deciding where to apply to college isassess your preferences and personality so you can find schools that suit you well.There are many different factors to take into account when choosing colleges, including location, size, cost, academic programs, and various other opportunities.You can use online resources, college guides, or events like college fairs to conduct your research. I would recommend online resources first as the simplest way to sort through your options. Keep your personal preferences in mind at all times, and avoid being pushed by rankings or prestige towards a school that isn’t a great fit for you.Then, make a list of schools that you think you’ll like. Try to narrow it down by balancing your list based on selectivity and cost. The Steps for Choosing Colleges: 1. Do a self-assessment2. Consider broad factors that might affect your choice3. Consider more specific factors that might affect your choice4. Research schools5. Make a list of schools based on your top priorities6. Narrow down the list so that you have a balance that includes at least one solid, one probable or possible, and one reach school If you’re honest with yourself and do some serious research, you’ll end up with a list of amazing schools that offer all the opportunities you're looking for in your next academic journey. What's Next? Have you set your sights on the top colleges in the nation? Read this article for advice on how to get accepted to Harvard and other Ivy League schools. If you're worried about getting into college at all, read this article on the easiest schools to get into. Worried about choosing a major on your college applications? Learn how to navigate the process and make an informed decision. If you're planning your college essay, read this advice onwhat to avoid in your writing. Your SAT/ACT score is really important for getting into college. Find out how high of an SAT or ACT score you need for admission to your top choice schools. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Unit 1 Seminar Human Services and policies Research Paper

Unit 1 Seminar Human Services and policies - Research Paper Example It also uses evidences pulled from different social discipline fields such as economics, history and even sociology (Titmuss, 1974). This enhances their profession and gives them a foundation of participating in formulation of government regulations. Thus, govern the living conditions of human beings as well as their behavior. Social policies deal with a number of concepts that directly affect the human services. One of the major issues is social security. Security is a priority because it determines their co-existence with one another, their entrepreneurship and even their choice on where to live. Another significant issue is education. The government regulates this social amenity through its laws as well as its budget(DiNitto, 2011).Other issues include the health, housing, wages, and social behavior such as marriage that surround the people’s day-to-day’s life(Spicker, n.d). All these issues will be reflected in the development of any particular region. In conclusion, social policy is a very important field that requires proper understanding and implementation. This is because it has a direct influence on the people’s wellbeing as well as their behavior towards one

The need for the return of prayer in public schools Research Paper

The need for the return of prayer in public schools - Research Paper Example Corruption in the modern society is the highest and the technology has facilitated the criminals in developing new ways of achieving their malicious intentions. This includes mobile photography and the use of facebook to retrieve people’s personal information and black-mailing them. This has fundamentally been so because of a lack of emphasis on practicing religion and religious studies on both national and international level. Today in most of the schools in the advanced countries, the curriculum has been redesigned in a way that it is to much extent, technology oriented, but has very less to convey on religious grounds. Although there has been a large emphasis on the inclusion of ethical concepts like corporate social responsibility into the business on a global scale, yet concrete results have not yet been obtained given the lack of ethical considerations in the roots of entrepreneurs’ schooling. There is a severe need for the return of prayer in public schools in order to make the students ethically conscious so that they turn into responsible and considerate professionals in their practical life. Prayers were considered a significant part of the American schools’ curriculum until between 1962 and 1963, when the Supreme Court decided to ban prayer in the schools. (Squidoo LLC, 2010). â€Å"On June 25, l962, 39 million students were forbidden to do what they and their predecessors had been doing since the founding of our nation.† (Bergel, 1988, para. 2). Since then, prayer have been altogether eliminated from the public schools in the US. Although this attempt of Supreme Court has met with huge criticism, yet the decision of Supreme Court stayed and the prayers continued to remain banned ever since. As a result of elimination of prayer from the public schools, it is not only the students that have suffered, but also their parents and teachers have not managed to escape the curse. (Squidoo LLC, 2010) quotes

Alphagan P Essays -- Drugs, Treating Glaucoma

There has been a new step in science leading towards evolution. Alphagan P has been recognized as the next leading pharmaceutical in treating Glaucoma. It is gentle to the ocular surface, unlike other medications which can harm it. Alphagan P provides IOP lowering which is comparable to beta blocker, but is without the adverse affects that most other medications cause. It is an alpha-2 agonist, which is a class of drugs that bind to and stimulate alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, causing responses comparable to those of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Alphagan was first introduced in 1996. The latest generation of â€Å"adrenergic agonist† is thrity times more selective for alpha 2 receptors than apraclonidine. Because of its selectivity, it does not include the alpha 1 side effects that affect the heart and blood pressure. The most significant side effects are drowsiness, a dry mouth, and fatigue. There is also surface irritation, with about â€Å"7 to 15 percent of patients experiencing allergic conjunctivitis. Alphagan has stayed popular since it first came out despite its side effects. What should you know about Alphagan P before using it? Make sure to not use brimonidine ophthalmic (Alphagan P) if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) within the past 2 weeks. Inform your doctor if you have kidney or liver disease, heart disease, circulation problems such as Raynaud's or Buerger's disease, high blood pressure, have a history of fainting or low blood pressure. Make sure to not use the medication if you use contact lenses because the medication contains a preservative that can be absorbed by soft contact lenses. If ... ...wing through with their education. Studies are now being done to further investigate this occurrence. Although Alphagan P has a list of adverse reactions reported, it is still the most used medication used to treat patients with Glaucoma. Many clinical studies have been done on the drug since it came out in 1996, and further enhancements have been made since. Works Cited Osborne, S., Montgomery, D., Morris, D., & McKay, I. (2005). Alphagan allergy may increase the propensity for multiple eye-drop allergy. Eye, 19(2), 129-137. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6701441 Bowman, R. C., Cope, J. J., & Nischal, K. K. (2004). Ocular and systemic side effects of brimonidine 0.2% eye drops (Alphagan ®) in children. Eye, 18(1), 24-26. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6700520 ALPHAGAN P: THE NEXT STEP IN THE EVOLUTION OF GLAUCOMA THERAPY. (2003). Review of Ophthalmology, 10(9), 8.

Consider the representation of women in James Bond films

Since 1962, when the first film was produced, a total of 22 James Bond films have been made. The James Bond franchise has become extremely popular and well-known all over the world. Although each film is unique in its own way and the storyline differs from film to film, there are certain generic features that have become things the audience recognises and expects to find in all Bond films. These features include gun fights, car chases (usually featuring an Aston Martin), exotic locations, gadgets, villains and last, but certainly not least, girls. All of these things make up a kind of ‘Bond cocktail' that the audience of these films has come to love and that has made these films as successful as they are. Umberto Eco described the Bond narrative as, ‘a series of moves on a chess board, with characters playing out their usual functions. ‘ This refers to how the Bond films all have similar pieces or ingredients and they each have a part to play to make up this ‘Bond cocktail' like how chess pieces all have different moves they can make. One of the most important of those generic features is the Bond girls. Bond girls also have certain criteria that the audience expects them to fulfill in the films and they have become famous for. The connotations of the term Bond girls are normally attractive, desirable and sexually available, especially to Bond. However, Bond is often seen to use the women as playthings for his pleasure that he often sleeps with and then discards. They are regularly portrayed as needing Bond's protection and acting in a very passive and submissive manner towards Bond. However, it is debatable as to whether this is not the case with all women in Bond films and some people believe that some Bond women are liberated and they use Bond themselves rather than it being the other way round. The definition of liberated is ‘not bound by traditional or sexual roles' and for this to apply to the female characters in Bond films they would have to avoid fulfilling their traditional roles in the films. The traditional role of women would be as housewives that stay at home and do domestic tasks while the men go out to work. In sexual terms women would traditionally get married and settle down and only have sexual relations with one man. A big traditional role of women is that they are second to men and men are more dominant and have power over women. Two Bond films where women play very large parts and are showcased in a number of different ways are, ‘Goldfinger' and ‘The World Is Not Enough'. Goldfinger was first screened in 1964 and was one of the first Bond films produced; at a time when audiences were just being introduced to the ‘Bond cocktail' and more specifically, Bond girls. The story follows Bond as he tries to spoil the plans of the villain Goldfinger who aims to contaminate all the gold in Fort Knox so that his own gold increases dramatically in value. This would severely damage the world economy and Bond has to stop Goldfinger from detonating a nuclear bomb in order to save the gold. One of the main women in this film is Pussy Galore; she is a pilot employed by Goldfinger that is repeatedly given the job of escorting and taking care of Bond, before switching sides, with Bond's influence, and helping to stop Goldfinger. The other two women that play important parts in the film are sisters, Jill and Tilly Masterson. Jill initially works for Goldfinger, before meeting with Bond and then being killed by Goldfinger as punishment. Following this, Tilly attempts to murder Goldfinger for revenge; however she becomes involved with Bond in the process before also being killed by Goldfinger's henchman, Oddjob. ‘The World Is Not Enough' was released almost 40 years later in 1999, meaning it was aimed at a more modern audience and this is visible throughout the film. The storyline is similar to that of ‘Goldfinger', as a villain (this time a man called Renard) is attempting to blow up a stretch of oil pipe line with a nuclear bomb, meaning the only supply of oil can come through one pipeline. This pipeline is owned by Elektra King who is initially meant to be innocent and under Bond's protection until it is revealed she is working with Renard. Bond then faces the task of stopping the bomb with the help of a nuclear physicist called Dr. Christmas Jones. Apart from Christmas and Elektra there is one other woman that has a big role in the film and that is M (head of MI6); which contrasts with ‘Goldfinger' in which M was a man. In the 1960's the roles of women were changing a lot. During the Second World War women had been given the opportunity to go and do â€Å"men's† jobs in factories as the men were abroad fighting the war. After this women began to move closer to equality with men and they started to have their own freedom. They were no longer just housewives that were inferior to men and this attitude continued into the 1960's. In Goldfinger this is visible because the women in Pussy Galore's flying circus are pilots, which is quite a difficult and complicated job. However, there are also parts of this film that show that women may not have reached complete equality with men yet, as some of the female characters appear weak both physically and mentally and are left out of important events. Feminism is all about recognizing the need for women to have equality with men and feminists work to create that equality. In history there have been three major waves of feminism and one of those took place just after the Second World War, continuing up until the start of the 60's. This surge in women campaigning for equality worked alongside the fact that women had proven themselves in men's jobs during the war and, although some men disliked it, women did make a very large step towards full equality with men. In the 1990's, attitudes towards women had changed even more and were very similar to today. Women had equality with men and could pretty much do any job that would have before been seen as a job purely for men. This is shown in ‘The World Is Not Enough' where Dr. Christmas Jones is a nuclear physicist which is an extremely hard job and she must be very intelligent to do it. However, some of the Bond girls in the film still seem to just be used as sexual objects by Bond and this would suggest they are not fully liberated despite reaching equality with men. Two key parts of both the films are the opening credits. In ‘Goldfinger' images from the film are projected onto the body of a woman, who is painted in gold, using multi-layering. The connotations of gold are things like precious and artistically-pleasing and this could be a metaphorical symbol for women, as the girl is motionless and very passive so she does appear to be something to be looked at and appreciated visually. Gold is also a high value commodity that can be bought and sold and this could also symbolise women being almost like possessions that men can own and that they can be bought and traded. However, the women is also wearing a bikini, which was a fashionable item of clothing in the 60's and could be worn just to emphasise that the woman is to be looked at because it is a very revealing piece of clothing. But, this could also show the liberation of women because it shows the more liberal attitude of the 60's that allowed women to be more open and free sexually. The opening credits in ‘The World Is Not Enough' differ slightly from those in ‘Goldfinger' as there is now more than one girl and they are covered in oil rather than gold. This shows that the film is more modern, as oil is probably now as, if not more, valuable than gold and this means that it has the same kind of connotations as gold; it is very expensive and precious. However, these titles contrast to those in ‘Goldfinger' because the women are a lot more active and are dancing, but they are dancing in quite a provocative way which could mean the audience is being invited to look at them and admire them, which is similar to ‘Goldfinger'. The girls are also completely naked which represents how women have become even more sexually liberated since ‘Goldfinger' and nudity had become more acceptable with the audience. An important part of the titles in ‘The World Is Not Enough' is the song and more specifically the lyrics. Firstly, the song is sung by a woman and the notable lyric is, ‘We know when to kiss, we know when to kill. ‘ This suggests that women are very smart and devious and can be killers just as easily as they can be lovers, which goes against the traditional idea that they are very affectionate and maternal and not violent at all. This could also be directly linked to the character of Elektra King who uses her body throughout the film to seduce men to get her own way and is also involved with her father's murder at the start. In ‘Goldfinger', the first female character we meet is a dancer. She is quite attractive and very scantily-clad, which shows she is dressed to be looked at and to entertain the men she is dancing for. This is shown by a high angle camera shot that initially picks her out among the men and they are all looking at her body. When Bond is speaking to his friend he looks over at the dancer and says, ‘I have some unfinished business to attend to. ‘ This is quite derogatory because he isn't referring to her as a person, which also suggests she doesn't mean very much to him. The word ‘business' is especially important here because he is kind of saying she is like a job that he has to complete and nothing more. When he then goes to see her she is initially naked in the bath and there is a camera shot of her bare back, this shows that she is vulnerable and Bond has the power in the situation because he is fully-clothed and standing over her. Then when she goes to kiss Bond he accidentally pokes her with his gun and she jumps back. That incident has a bit of sexual innuendo and when she asks him why he carries it around he jokes that he has an ‘inferiority complex'. This is sarcasm because he is actually a confident and dominant man. However, the dancer has actually double-crossed Bond and this is shown when a man walks into attack him when the dancer distracts him with a kiss; this is revealed with an extreme close-up of the girl's eye, where Bond sees the reflection of the attacker. He then uses her as a shield against the man, which suggests that she didn't mean anything to him and he puts himself before women, although it could just be because he realizes what she has done to him. This shows that Bond was tricked by the girl and she used her body to get to him, but then she was also being used by someone else to get to Bond, so she still isn't in control. Bond seems surprised that she double-crossed him, when he looks at her and says, ‘very shocking. ‘ This could suggest that he didn't expect a woman to do that to him and perhaps he underestimated her and didn't expect a woman to be that cunning. The next time we see Bond he is again with a woman and this time it is a character called Dink, who is massaging Bond whilst he relaxes on a sun lounger. This suggests that he uses women for pleasure and it is also shown that he has control over her when his friend Felix comes over. He introduces her and then says, ‘Dink say goodbye. ‘ This is an imperative, so he is not asking her to do something he is ordering her around. He then says it is ‘man-talk,' which shows that women are kept out of matters of business and they are kind of a liability. The way he talks to her with short words in short sentences also suggests that she is not very bright and gives the impression men are seen to be more intelligent than women. Finally, he slaps her bottom to dismiss her and that is very disrespectful, but she doesn't argue and just does what he says, so it appears Bond has power over women and can get them to do what he wants. A slightly similar character to Dink in ‘The World Is Not Enough' is Doctor Molly Warmflash. She is seduced by Bond when she is giving him a check up and she gives in straight away, saying, ‘you'll have to promise to call me this time. This tells us that this has happened before and it appears she can't resist Bond so again he has this kind of power over women and they find him very attractive. However, he is just doing it to get a clean bill of health, so although he may get a bit of enjoyment out of it he is still just using her to get what he wants. The difference is that she is a doctor so she is obviously quite intelligent, but even so she doesn't act professionally and is quite happy to be used by Bond. She is on top of Bond though which is a position of power, but it is still clear that Bond is in control. A complete contrast to the characters of Dink and Doctor Warmflash is the character of Money Penny. She appears in both films as she works for MI6, which is quite an important job, and is always dressed very respectably. She is also very conservative and holds traditional views and this is shown in ‘Goldfinger' when she says, ‘The only gold I know about is that on your third finger. ‘ This shows that she obviously thinks marriage is important and she is showing that she is attracted to Bond, but she wants something more than just sex, she wants a proper relationship. This is shown in ‘The World Is Not Enough' when Bond offers her a cigar and says, ‘You know what you can do with that. ‘ This could well be linked to the Bill Clinton sex scandal that had just taken place at the time, in which President Bill Clinton had been accused of having sexual relations, involving a cigar, with a woman in the White House. Money Penny then chucks the cigar in the bin to show that she isn't interested in that kind of a relationship with Bond. So Money Penny is an example of a Bond girl that doesn't get seduced by Bond and is more interested in marriage than just a sexual relationship. However, Bond then doesn't seem very attracted to her which might suggest he isn't interested in settling down and just wants to stick to sleeping with women and then moving on. The next woman that Bond meets in ‘Goldfinger' is Jill Masterson. When he first sees her she is helping Goldfinger cheat at cards and she is dressed in a very revealing bikini and is lying in quite an alluring pose. Bond then finds out that she is being paid to be seen with Goldfinger as well when he says, ‘What else does he pay you for? ‘ Here he seems to be suggesting that Goldfinger might be paying her for sex which links back to the idea that women could be seen as a possession that can be bought. However, she denies doing anything else and is clearly holds no allegiance to Goldfinger because she is then very fickle and changes sides. There are a lot of camera shots on her body during this scene that expose the fact she is only wearing a bikini, so it is again inviting the audience to look at her. She is also very passive and at no point does she try to stop Bond and it is clear he is in complete control over her which is also shown by the fact she is lying down and he is looking down at her. Then Bond quite clearly looks down her top at her breasts when she leans upwards and she doesn't seem to care, she is quite happy for him to look at her. However, she is then left out of Bond's conversation with Goldfinger, which shows that women are kept out of important affairs. This happens again when Bond receives a phone call in his hotel room and he pushes Jill's face out of the way. This is quite disrespectful, but Jill just lies back and doesn't seem to care – she is happy to do what Bond wants her to. This gives the impression that women are just seen as something to give Bond pleasure and when it comes to matters of business he sees Jill as a bit of an annoyance. They are then fully-clothed in bed which is testament to the fact that full nudity was not acceptable in films at the time. Bond is then knocked out and he finds Jill lying naked on the bed covered in gold paint. She has been murdered and yet she is glamourised in her death as she is covered in gold. Bond is extremely business like about her death and shows very little emotion despite the fact that it was partially his fault. After this he just moves on and appears to forget Jill completely, which supports the idea that Bond looks to girls purely for pleasure and then is happy to discard them afterwards. In the most recent Bond film, ‘The Quantum of Solace', there a girl called Agent Fields that dies in a similar fashion. However, she is covered in oil instead of gold, and although oil is valuable it isn't at all glamorous and the black colour actually symbolises fear and death. There is also a shot of Jill Masterson in ‘Goldfinger' where there is a cushion placed in the way of her bottom and this is because the audience at the time wouldn't of approved of that level of nudity. However, in ‘The Quantum of Solace' there is an almost identical shot of Agent Fields, but there is no cushion hiding her. This shows that audiences have changed over the years and nowadays nudity is much more acceptable. Later in the film Bond runs into Jill's sister, Tilly Masterson, and she appears to be very different to her sibling. Tilly is a lot more active as she is driving aggressively and tries to shoot Goldfinger twice to get revenge for him murdering her sister. She is also dressed very respectively with her hair tied back and she uses very assertive language when speaking to Bond; seemingly unaffected by Bond's charm like her sister was. Another difference between her and her sister is that she is a lot more independent and says to Bond, ‘I can take care of myself. ‘ This contrasts to the typical Bond girl that would need Bond's help and protection. She does, however, appear to be very much governed by her emotions and says, ‘I want to kill him. When she says this she sounds almost like a little girl that is really upset and angry that they can't have there way. This is when it becomes clear that she is being controlled by her emotions, which is a more womanly characteristic because traditionally women are more emotional. She also misses Goldfinger when she tries to shoot him and then later on she is making lots of noise in the forest when Bond is silent. These things show that she isn't as skilled as Bond and it suggests that women aren't supposed to be doing the kind of work Bond does and they are incapable. It is when they are in the forest that Bond takes control and Tilly starts to become more like her sister was before she died. She becomes more passive and follows Bond's orders. Her hair is also down now, which seems like a very minor change but it symbolises the fact she has turned into more of a typical Bond girl. Then Bond there is a car chase and Tilly appears to admire Bond and all the gadgets he has in the car and even smiles a bit when before she had been serious the whole time. Bond's charm also seems to start to take an affect on her now, which suggests that all women become attracted to Bond after a while and supports the idea that Bond girls can't resist Bond. However, Bond then tells her to, ‘Run when I tell you,' which results in her being killed by the henchman Odd Job. Bond at first seems quite concerned and runs over to her, but then he seems to shut out his emotions once again and puts her behind him. This is similar to how he reacted when Jill died, it just seems to annoy him a bit and apart from that he doesn't seem to care. The main female character in ‘Goldfinger' is Pussy Galore and the first thing that is noticeable is her name. The name is very suggestive and another name that is a bit suggestive is Doctor Molly Warmflash from ‘The World Is Not Enough'. Those names are another example of the sexual innuendo that is in both of the Bond films and the name of Pussy Galore could have come from the fact that in the book written by Ian Fleming that the film is based on, Pussy was a lesbian. When Bond first wakes up to see her he says, ‘Who are you? I must be dreaming. Bond says this because Pussy Galore is very attractive and she is well-dressed, but the clothes she is wearing are quite tight-fitting and show off her body. She is friendly towards Bond, but immediately tells him she isn't interested in him when she says, ‘Turn off the charm – I'm immune. ‘ This gives the impression she isn't attracted to Bond and this is different from the idea that women can't resist Bond. She is a pilot for Goldfinger, which is quite a challenging job and Bond appears surprised when she tells him. She also has her own flying circus which shows she is a successful women and independent as she has her own business. All the pilots in this flying circus are also female which again goes against the traditional idea that women can't do jobs like piloting aircraft. She has to transport Bond on the plane and he seems to think he is in control because he swings on the chair, acts very relaxed and when she threatens him with a gun he explains it would shoot through the fuselage to try to make her look stupid. However, she doesn't appear phased by Bond and stands over him in a position of power and ignores his witty remarks towards her so she is actually the one in control. The camera shots also show this because they are mainly from Bond's perspective looking up at Pussy or from her perspective looking down at Bond; this emphasises her position over him. On board the plain there is a servant called Mai Lee who balances Pussy Galore out because she is more of a typical Bond girl. Her job is to serve Bond and she is very considerate and apologetic towards him. She also needs his help to put the plane steps down when they arrive, which suggests women are weaker and they need Bond's help, however Pussy Galore goes against this as she does everything without Bond's help and is very independent. Bond also looks at her bottom when she walks away from him which again shows women as something to look at. Later in the film Goldfinger hints that Pussy Galore should dress up to seduce Bond and distract him and this suggests that women are maybe a weakness of Bond's and he can't help himself. This links back to earlier in the film when Bond first meets Tilly Masterson and says to himself, ‘Discipline 007. ‘ This is because he was already told off by M for getting involved with women during his missions. Pussy agrees to it, but she also explains that she won't get any pleasure out of it when she says, ‘Business before pleasure. This suggests that she sees it purely as business and again is not attracted to Bond at all. It makes sex seem almost like a kind of business when it would normally be for pleasure. Pussy then dresses more in a more revealing way and puts on a friendlier front to seduce Bond, saying, ‘I'm completely defenseless. ‘ Here she is actually using Bond which contrasts to the way that Bond usually uses women and shows that women can control Bond as well as he can control them. Pussy Galore and Bond then end up having a kind of play fight in a barn and Pussy defends herself well because she knows Judo. This is unusual because women aren't normally expected to fight and perform martial arts, which again shows how skilled she is. However, Bond then gets the upper hand and ends up on top of Pussy and at this point her attitude and character change very rapidly. Bond tries to kiss her and at first she resists and fights back, but then she just gives in and kisses Bond. This is a very big piece of evidence to support the idea that the women can't resist Bond because Pussy had appeared didn't seem to be attracted to him and had been in control of Bond, but then everything changed. This could also show that it isn't that the women can't resist Bond, but they don't want to resist Bond as she gave in so easily. This also signals Pussy's change of sides and she helps to stop Goldfinger. When we next see her she is wearing light colours and this is symbolic of her change to the good side. Bond says he, ‘appealed to her maternal instincts. ‘ Which would suggest that women are caring and don' want to hurt anyone; however this motherly attitude is twisted earlier on in the film. When the pilots go to drop sleeping gas on Fort Knox they call it ‘Operation Rock-A-Bye-Baby' which is a nursery rhyme a mother would sing to nurture her child but they are actually killing people. The final part of the film shows Pussy Galore trying to signal a rescue helicopter after her and Bond jumped out of a plane with a parachute, however, Bond pulls her back and says, ‘This is no time to be rescued. ‘ After this he covers them with the parachute and it is clear that he wants to make love to her. This shows that she is a completely changed character because she has succumbed to Bond's charm and is now a traditional Bond girl. She is also positioned underneath Bond so he is in a position of power over her. ‘The World Is Not Enough' shows women as being a lot more active than in ‘Goldfinger' and this is seen with the cigar girl who is the first woman to appear in the film. She is very business like and is wearing a suit so she looks completely professional. However, she is also quite attractive and you can tell Bond notices this when she says, ‘Do you want to have a look at my figures,' and he replies with, ‘I'm sure they're all perfectly rounded. Here he is obviously referring to her body rather than the mathematical figures she is referring to, but Bond's charm doesn't rub off and she looks at him angrily. However, Bond could be saying this because he doesn't because he doesn't think that a woman should be involved with business affairs and that is why he made the joke about body, because when she goes and sits to the side he becomes a lot more serious in conversation with the men in the room. However, the girl then kills the banker Bond is speaking to and runs off, which shows that women are obviously just as capable as men at killing people. Bond then meets her again in a boat chase around London. During this she is dressed in red, which symbolises danger and could be a metaphor for how dangerous the women is. She has a bigger boat than Bond which gives her a bit of power over him and she also fires a gun at him during the chase; showing she isn't afraid to kill again. Despite this whole action sequence though she still remains dry and always looks beautiful, where as Bond is soaked. This could again show that she has power over him, or it could suggest that she is still something to be looked at. During the course of this she seems very in control and dangerous she sacrifices herself at the end when Bond has caught her after saying, ‘You can't protect me; not from him. ‘ This shows that she is actually very scared and fearful despite putting up a fearless front during the boat chase. A female character with a very important role in ‘The World Is Not Enough' is the head of MI6, M. This differs from ‘Goldfinger' in which M was a man and it reflects that, in reality at the time, the head of MI6 was a woman called Stella Remington. Obviously this role gives M a lot of power and is the first woman we have seen that actually has power and control over Bond and he has to follow her orders. She also fits the role very well and remains calm when the bomb goes off in the building she is in. However, she does show her emotions at a funeral, when she hugs Elektra in a kind of motherly role. Later on in the film Bond accuses her of letting herself be ruled by her emotions when he says, ‘With all due respect, I don't think you should be here. This is after M has come to see Elektra and then, when Elektra reveals that she is actually in league with Renard, M realises that she did actually make a bad judgment based on her emotions and she loses control and slaps Elektra. This incident suggests that women may always be governed in some way by their emotions and that they can't always control them because M slaps Elektra out of anger. The idea of emotions clouding a woman's judgment suggests that men are more in control of there emotions and don't let them get in the way; this is shown by the cold heartedness Bond seems to show at the death of the women in both films. Earlier in the film however, M does show that she is perfectly capable of keeping her emotions locked up when she explains how she advised Elektra's father to not pay the ransom for Elektra when she had been kidnapped before. She says, ‘Against every instinct in my heart, every emotion as a mother. ‘ This again refers to the maternal instincts of women and how they want to be affectionate and care about people; however it also shows that they can ignore those maternal instincts as well and act more like a man – putting their emotions aside. The thing that stands out most about M though is that fact that Bond treats her with a great deal of respect, even when he thinks she is in the wrong, and this is shown again with the quote above in which Bond says, ‘with all due respect. ‘ M is possibly the only woman that Bond willingly allows to control him and that he has a completely professional relationship with. Finally, M shows that she is very clever and capable to fend for herself, when she uses a clock to send out a signal to Bond after she has been captured by Elektra and Renard. Elektra is possibly the most important woman in ‘The World Is Not Enough' because she is a villain and she manages to use and manipulate Bond during the course of the film. She tricks Bond, at first, into believing she is innocent and they end up making love with each other. This shows again that Bond's desire for women is almost a weakness for him because initially he says to Elektra, ‘This is a game I can't afford to play. ‘ Here he is referring to getting into a relationship with her, because M had told him not to. However, he then ends up sleeping with Elektra, which suggests he couldn't resist her. This is a role reversal because it is typically women that can't resist Bond, but here it is the other way around. During the bedroom scene, both Bond and Elektra are on top which could symbolise a balance of power between the two. There is also more nudity than in the scene between Bond and Jill Masterson in ‘Goldfinger' which reflects the fact that it is aimed at a more modern audience which now finds nudity more acceptable. During that scene, Elektra also reveals to Bond how she escaped her kidnappers, ‘I seduced the guards. I used my body. This shows that she is willing to use her body to get what she wants and that could very well be what she was doing at exactly that moment with Bond because it gave her power over him. This is because Elektra then turns on him later on after he accuses her of being with Renard, ‘You used me, you used me as bait. ‘ Here she is referring to him sleeping with her and it shows how manipulative and clever she is because she is making Bond feel guilty when it is actually her in the wrong. Elektra is also the only woman that actually seems to appeal to Bond's emotions in the films. When he sees a tape of her after she escaped from her kidnappers she is crying and Bond touches the screen and seems genuinely sorry for her and he appears to care for her a lot. Later in the film, Renard teases Bond with the fact that he slept with Elektra before him, ‘I broke her in for you. ‘ Bond gets really angry at this because he realises that Elektra was just using him. The language Renard uses here is very derogatory and sexist and suggests that he was in control of Elektra and took advantage of her; however she could again have been using Renard to get what she wanted. The way Elektra uses her body to manipulate men and get what she wants is quite ironic because that is what Bond normally does to other women and it proves that it can work the other way around. In the casino Elektra draws a queen of hearts and this could also be a symbol of the way Elektra uses her body to play with men's emotions of love and with their lust to get her way. Finally, Bond is put in an execution chair and Elektra is slowly tightening the screw that can break his neck when she says, ‘I've always had a power over men. This is symbolised by the fact that she is on top of Bond in a position of power and she also has the power to kill him. She is also obviously referring to how she has used her cunning to manipulate Bond and he is now completely vulnerable whilst she is in control. However, Bond counters this by saying, ‘You meant nothing to me; you were just one last screw. ‘ This is again sexual innuendo because he is referring to when he had sex with her and also to the fact that she is about to kill him with one last turn of the screw on the chair. After this Bond escapes and points a gun at Elektra. It appears, at first, that his emotions are affecting him because he doesn't seem to want to kill her, possibly because she is a woman. He does shoot her though and afterwards he doesn't seem to care very much. This shows that Bond puts his emotions aside and links back to the idea that the Bond girls don't mean anything to him and he just discards them and moves on. The final Bond girl in ‘The World Is Not Enough' is Doctor Christmas Jones. When we first see her there is quite a long camera shot that pans up her body and this again invites the audience to look at her and admire her body, like an object. She wears some very tight-fitting clothes that emphasise her body and are quite revealing as well, but she also wears some scientific clothes that show that she is obviously very intelligent because she is an IVA Nuclear Physicist. At first she doesn't appear at all attracted to Bond and says, ‘Are you just hoping for a glimmer too. ‘ Here she is putting him down and it again questions whether Bond girls actually find Bond irresistible. Christmas is also very professional and even when she is in danger she appears calm and looks like she can look after herself. At one point however, Bond grabs her to remove her from danger and this could be for either of two reasons. It could be because she is a woman and he cares for her, or it could be because he realises he is going to need her help. Later on it is clear that Doctor Jones is more intelligent than Bond, but he still seems to control her and tell her what to do and she doesn't object. Later in the film, she dresses up and uses her body to lure Zukovsky and distract him. She is very clever, but she still needs to use her beauty, which suggests that Bond girls can't just be intelligent; they have to be attractive as well. She is also left out of the business conversation between Bond and Zukovsky despite the fact she is very smart and knows what is going on. This links back to the idea that women can't be involved in business affairs and don't have a part in making decisions. At the end of the film, Bond makes two jokes about Doctor Jones that involve sexual innuendo. First he says, ‘I've always wanted to have Christmas in Turkey,' and then he says, ‘I thought Christmas only comes once a year. ‘ These witticisms both refer to him sleeping with Doctor Jones and again she has given into Bond's charm by doing so. Her behaviour is similar to that of Pussy Galore in ‘Goldfinger' in the way that she initially resisted Bond and didn't seem attracted to him, but then gave in and ended up sleeping with him like a typical Bond girl. In conclusion, I think there are examples in the Bond films of girls that are like the stereotypical Bond girls that are attractive, sleep with Bond and require his protection before he just discards them and moves on. These women, like Jill Masterson and Molly Warmflash, appear to be used by Bond partly for his pleasure and partly to get what he wants. However, there are other characters, Elektra King especially, that use Bond themselves to get what they want. The main way they seem to do that is by using their bodies; as it appears Bond is at times incapable of resisting his desire for women. Another important thing to note is that in ‘Goldfinger' the only woman that really had any power and an important role was Pussy Galore. Where as, in ‘The World Is Not Enough' nearly all of the female characters have power and a big role to play. It is also the only film where any women have power over Bond, because M is obviously his boss and at times Elektra King has power over him as well. This proves that Bond is not always on control of women. This change in attitude over time is most likely because attitudes towards women changed and they gained equality with men by the time ‘The World Is Not Enough' was made, while they were still moving towards equality at the time ‘Goldfinger' was released. These historical factors are the most likely reason for the kind of evolution of Bond girls to the point where they sometimes control and out-smart Bond where as he used to always have power over them. Overall, Bond girls do appear to be liberated to a certain extent because they are not always bound by traditional sexual roles, which is shown by the way they are sometimes on top and in control in bedroom scenes. However, there are many instances where Bond has power and control over women and nearly every woman in the films seems to find him irresistible, which suggests that Bond girls are not completely liberated because they still appear in a lot of aspects to be inferior to men. Although, in the more recent films, Bond girls seem to be liberated in nearly all aspects they still don't appear to be quite there yet. I think Bond girls never will be fully-liberated either, simply because if they were they wouldn't be fulfill the well-known criteria of Bond girls and would therefore ruin the Bond cocktail. However, I may be wrong and, referring back to the quote by Umberto Eco, perhaps Bond girls could be the queen in the game of chess and they have the ability to move in any direction making possible for them to change without ruining the formula.